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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mtnip</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Московский транспорт. Наука и проектирование</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Moscow Transport. Science and Designn</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3034-5162</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ГБУ НИИ "МосТрансПроект"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mtnip-24</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CONSTRUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Обоснование ограничения строительства подземных   парковок в Москве: потенциал, экологические   риски и компромиссы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Justification Of Restrictions On Underground Parking Construction In  Moscow: Potential, Environmental Risks And Trade-Offs</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8654</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пашинин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pashinin</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пашинин Валерий Алексеевич -  доктор технических наук, профессор кафедры химии и инженерной экологии РУТ (МИИТ)</p><p>127055, г. Москва,  ул. Образцова, д. 9, стр. 3 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pashinin Valery Alekseevich - Doctor of Engineering Sciences, Professor, Department of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, RUT (MIIT) </p><p>127055, Moscow, Obraztsova Street, 9, Building 3 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Pashininmiit@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9425-6213</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorkov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федорков Александр Владимирович - аспирант кафедры химии и инженерной экологии РУТ (МИИТ)</p><p>127055, г. Москва,  ул. Образцова, д. 9, стр. 3 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fedorkov Aleksandr Vladimirovich - PhD Student, Department of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, RUT (MIIT) </p><p>127055, Moscow, Obraztsova Street, 9, Building 3 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sp179f@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет транспорта»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian University of Transport»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пашинин В.А., Федорков А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пашинин В.А., Федорков А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pashinin V.A., Fedorkov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mtnip.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/24">https://mtnip.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/24</self-uri><abstract><p>Москва как высокоурбанизированный мегаполис сталкивается с проблемой дефицита парковок и экологическими рисками. В последние годы политика смещается в сторону ограничения строительства подземных паркингов. Цели исследования —  комплексная оценка экологической эффективности подобных запретов и выявление сопутствующих компромиссов. Методология включала анализ данных экологического мониторинга (Мосэкомониторинг), отчетов надзорных органов (Роспотребнадзор), моделирования рассеивания загрязнений (AERMOD), оценки статистики транспортного поведения (ЦОДД) и обзора научной литературы. Результаты показали, что запрет потенциально снижает риски загрязнения грунтовых вод (до 2,5 ПДК нефтепродуктов) и почвы, а также энергопотребление (58–72 т CO₂/год на 1 000 м²). Однако выявлены значительные риски: рост уличных выбросов (на 15–20% в центре), увеличение шумового загрязнения (до 65 дБ) в жилых зонах из-за стихийных стоянок и потеря потенциала для создания наземных зеленых зон. Обсуждение подчеркивает, что экологическая эффективность запрета критически зависит от локации (выше в центре), развития альтернативной инфраструктуры (общественный транспорт, каршеринг) и внедрения технологий очистки на наземных стоянках. Вывод: запрет может быть эффективным инструментом в составе комплексной политики, но требует дифференцированного подхода по районам, инвестиций в альтернативы и компенсирующих мер для минимизации негативных последствий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, as a highly urbanized metropolis, faces parking deficits and environmental challenges. Recent policy trends favor restricting underground parking construction. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the environmental effectiveness of such restrictions and identifies associated trade-offs. The methodology encompassed environmental monitoring data analysis (Mosekomonitoring), regulatory authority reports (Rospotrebnadzor), pollution dispersion modeling (AERMOD), transportation behavior statistics evaluation (Moscow Traffic Management Center), and literature review. Results indicate that restrictions potentially reduce groundwater contamination risks (up to 2.5 times the maximum permissible concentration of petroleum products) and soil pollution, while decreasing energy consumption (58–72 t CO₂/ year per 1 000 m²). However, significant risks emerge: elevated street-level emissions (15–20% increase in downtown areas), heightened noise pollution (up to 65 dB) in residential zones due to informal parking, and reduced opportunities for surface green space development. The analysis demonstrates that environmental effectiveness depends critically on location (greater in central areas), alternative infrastructure development (public transit, car-sharing systems) and implementation of treatment technologies at surface parking facilities. The restriction serves as an effective policy instrument within comprehensive urban planning frameworks, though it necessitates area-specific approaches, investment in transportation alternatives, and mitigation measures to address adverse impacts.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>подземные парковки</kwd><kwd>строительство</kwd><kwd>экологические риски</kwd><kwd>загрязнение грунтовых  вод</kwd><kwd>энергопотребление</kwd><kwd>транспортная политика</kwd><kwd>Москва</kwd><kwd>шумовое загрязнение</kwd><kwd>устойчивое развитие</kwd><kwd>парковочная инфраструктура</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>underground parking</kwd><kwd>construction</kwd><kwd>environmental risks</kwd><kwd>groundwater contamination</kwd><kwd>energy  consumption</kwd><kwd>transportation policy</kwd><kwd>Moscow</kwd><kwd>noise pollution</kwd><kwd>sustainable development</kwd><kwd>parking infrastructure</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Иванов А. 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